What is Article 5? Article 5 is a key pillar of the 1949 North Atlantic Treaty — also known as the Washington Treaty — and is based on the principle of collective defense. It means that an attack on one member of NATO is deemed to be an attack on all. Ukraine is not a member of NATO, but a number of its neighbors are.

When the Federal Reserve changes its policy it can fundamentally alter business confidence. But for most people, their choices often seem abstract with limited tangible benefits. While the political debate often focuses on decisions made in Congress and the White House, behind the scenes the Federal Reserve has had the largest hand in shaping the US economy for several generations - with its effects only now beginning to show.

“America’s Infrastructure is Crumbling” has been the title of dozens of articles and reports documenting the slow deterioration of America’s vast network of roads, pipelines, railways, and airports.

In April this year, President Biden proclaimed that U.S. troops would withdraw from Afghanistan before the 20th anniversary of the September 11th 2001 terrorist attacks. So far the Biden Administration seems on track; the Pentagon recently reported that the US pullout of troops and military assets from the country was over 90% complete. For many, including former President Trump, this decision has been long time coming after almost 20 years of perilous fighting.